Lumbar Disc Herniation Physiotherapy near Sham Shui Po

A disc herniation means part of the disc has moved beyond its normal border, sometimes contacting or irritating a nearby nerve root. Importantly, disc bulges are frequently seen on scans of people with no back pain at all, so a report on its own is not an explanation of your symptoms. A web page cannot diagnose your back, and even with imaging the clinical picture is what matters — how your symptoms behave, what the neurological examination shows and how you are functioning.

Typical symptoms are back pain with pain running into the buttock or leg, often worse with sitting, bending or coughing, sometimes with numbness, altered sensation or weakness in a specific pattern. Symptoms that stay above the knee behave differently from those reaching the foot. Other possible causes deserve consideration: narrowing of the nerve canal, hip joint problems, gluteal tendon problems and, less commonly, non-spinal conditions can look similar and can coexist with a disc finding on a scan.

• Back pain with pain travelling into the buttock, thigh or below the knee
• Symptoms worse with sitting, bending forward, coughing or sneezing
• Numbness or altered sensation following a band or strip down the leg
• Weakness in a specific movement, such as lifting the foot or standing on tiptoe
• Difficulty finding a comfortable position, especially first thing in the morning

Safety screening comes first and is repeated as we go, because a small number of situations need medical care rather than rehabilitation. After that we map the symptoms, examine spinal movement and which directions ease or provoke, test nerve sensitivity, and record sensation, muscle power and reflexes where indicated so that later changes can be compared against a baseline. We also go through your work, sitting, driving and sleep, which usually explain much of the day-to-day variation.

• Your symptoms: distribution down the leg, and whether it is extending or receding
• Daily activities and function: sitting tolerance, walking distance, bending, dressing
• Work, study or caring duties, including seated hours, driving and lifting demands
• Sleep: position, morning symptoms, and whether leg symptoms disturb the night
• Load and injury history: how it started, previous episodes, and any imaging already done
• Movement: spinal movement in each direction, and which directions ease or provoke symptoms
• Strength and control of the trunk, hip and leg muscles, including calf and foot power
• Neurological screening: sensation, muscle power, reflexes where indicated, plus medical history and medicines

Early on we look for positions and movements that reduce your leg symptoms, and keep you as active as symptoms reasonably allow. As things calm, the plan moves towards restoring movement, building trunk, hip and leg strength, and rebuilding tolerance for sitting, lifting and walking. Depending on the assessment, hands-on treatment or acupuncture may be considered where you consent and they may make movement easier. Not everyone needs the same components, your preferences matter, and we change the plan according to how you respond.

Day to day, the aims are simple: break up long sitting, keep walking within a distance that does not leave you worse the next morning, and use whichever positions settle your leg. We watch where the symptoms reach as the main marker, since leg symptoms withdrawing towards the back is usually a better sign than a slightly lower pain score. You will get a flare-up plan, and at each visit we review symptom distribution, power, sensation and your activity and load tolerance.

A physiotherapy assessment and a graded plan suit most disc-related symptoms, and we will say clearly if we think a doctor should see you first. Arrange a prompt medical review if leg power is measurably reducing, if pain is not controlled despite sensible measures, if you feel feverish or unwell, or if you have unexplained weight loss or a history of cancer, since these change the priorities. Very occasionally, pressure on the bundle of nerves at the base of the spine produces the pattern below. This is an emergency: go to an emergency department the same day rather than waiting for a rehabilitation session.

• Weakness in the legs that is getting worse, or a foot that begins to drag
• Numbness or altered sensation in the saddle area — inner thighs, buttocks, genitals or back passage
• New difficulty passing urine, new loss of bladder or bowel control, or not feeling yourself pass urine
• Leg symptoms appearing on both sides at once